The unincorporated Pennsylvania community of Barnesville is an neighborhood, part roadside village & part hidden connected side streets where there was buildable land along a transportation corridor typical of much of rural Pennsylvania's small communities. Once built to support nearby rust belt industries fashionable in years gone away, the hamlet is centered between the center and eastern thirds of the Southern Anthracite Coal Region. The neighborhood is part of a wide-ranging township and is situated sitting atop a summit and drainage divide flanked by two long climbs that are an traversed by local transport infrastructure, railways with an important switching junction within the village, and Pennsylvania Route 54, which collects towns like beads on a string along a particular combination of connected valleys in the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians. It is assigned as a post office center in Rush and Ryan Townships of Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located in the northeastern part of the state amidst relatively gentle summit terrain after the long E-W climb up the Nesquehoning Creek valley, Barnesville was founded primarily as a railroad town with a watering depot for the Nesquehoning Railroad (and later the Nesquehoning and Mahanoy Railroad and Lehigh & Susquehanna Railroad) after its climb via the Pine Creek valley from Hometown, Nesquehoning, and Tamaqua to the east. All these places lie within the Southeastern Anthracite Coal Region. Residents who live in Rush Township may attend either Tamaqua Area School District or Mahanoy Area School District, while Ryan Township residents attend Mahanoy Area School District. Barnesville includes Hosensock, Grier City, and Locust Valley. The ZIP code is 18214. The community is in Area code 570 served by the 467 exchange.
