"Equal justice under law."A miscarriage of justice primarily is the conviction and punishment of a person for a crime they did not commit. 'Noble Cause Corruption'
A miscarriage of justice primarily is the conviction and punishment of a person for a crime they did not commit. "The essence of the principle of equal consideration of interests is that we give equal weight in our moral deliberations to the like interests of all those affected by our actions. This means that if only X and Y would be affected by a possible act, and if X stands to lose more than Y stands to gain, it is better not to do the act." The fact that the police/prosecution, (one of the parties with a vested interest in a trial), effectively controls the supply of most or all of the evidence, is a fundamental problem of the adversarial trial system.The planting of a gun at a crime scene would be used by the police to justify shooting the victim in self-defense, and avoid possible prosecution for manslaughter. Falsified evidence could be created by either the police/prosecution or the defendant(s), or by someone sympathetic to their cause.
To uncover Causes of miscarriages of justice the motives of the parties Falsified evidence, forged evidence or tainted evidence .To prevent error or improper tampering, chain of evidence rules. Minimizing errors of decision in Type I error, also known as an error of the first kind, an α error or a false positive is the error of rejecting a true null hypothesis (H0). Type II error, also known as an error of the second kind, a β error or a false negative is the error of failing to reject a false null hypothesis
STOP: Plea bargains that offer incentives for the innocent to plead guilty
STOP:Confirmation bias on the part of investigators
STOP: Withholding or destruction of evidence by police or prosecution
STOP: Fabrication of evidence or outright perjury by police (see testilying), or prosecution witnesses (e.g. Charles Randal Smith)
STOP: Biased editing of evidence
STOP: Prejudice towards the class of people to which the defendant belongs
PSTOP:Boor identification by witnesses and/or victims
STOP Overestimation/underestimation of the evidential value of expert testimony
STOP: Contaminated evidence
STOP: Faulty forensic tests
STOP: false confessions due to police pressure or psychological weakness
STOP: Misdirection of a jury by a judge during trial
STOP: perjured evidence by the real guilty party or their accomplices (frameup)
STOP: Perjured evidence by supposed victim or their accomplices
STOP: Conspiracy between court of appeal judges and prosecutors to uphold conviction of innocent
