Robert Russa Moton Museum is a National Historic Landmark located in the town of Farmville in Prince Edward County, Virginia. The historic site is considered \"the student birthplace of America's Civil Rights Movement.\"
The museum is housed in the former R. R. Moton High School, most notable for the 1951 Moton Student Strike against unequal educational facilities and resources. The direct action campaign resulted in Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, the largest and only student initiated case consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education, the landmark 1954 United States Supreme Court decision declaring \"separate but equal\" public schools unconstitutional.
Both the school and the museum were named for Robert Russa Moton, a noted African-American educator from the Farmville, Virginia area who was a protégé of Dr. Booker T. Washington. In the early 20th century, Robert Russa Moton headed the schools which became Hampton University and Tuskegee University, important organizations in producing black teachers and other professionals.
